What and How The Actions Depend of on Prayer: A Hadith-Understanding Analysis (Fiqhul Hadithi) of the Hadith "Everything from Your Actions is Dependent on Your Prayer (Kul Shayin min A’malika Tabau’n Lisalatika) 

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Quran Science and Hadith, Hazrat-e Maʼsoumeh University, Qom, Iran

2 Professor of Higher Levels of Qom Seminary, Jurisprudence Center of Pure Imams (AS)

Abstract

The Hadith-Understanding Analysis (Fiqhul Hadithi) of the hadith " Everything from Your Actions is Dependent on Your Prayer" (Kul Shayin min A’malika Tabau’n Lisalatika) can provide new insights into why numerous hadiths discuss the significance of prayer, including its etiquette, secrets, and other aspects. This emphasis is not merely because prayer is a ritual act with components, conditions, and specific actions, but because the hadith implies that all (Kul) and actions (Shayin) are linked to prayer. This study aims to explain the claim that all actions are dependent on prayer and to examine how this dependency operates. The findings suggest that prayer serves multiple functions: sometimes it acts as a means to remove obstacles, sometimes to rectify deficiencies, and sometimes to enhance the quality of actions. This reciprocal effect of prayer on actions and vice versa signifies both a transformative journey of the soul and prayer from the physical to the metaphysical realms and an improvement in the quality of both. This paper employs a library-based methodology with a descriptive-analytical approach, focusing on this hadith to explore the principles derived from it. It examines the concepts using jurisprudential principles such as generality, appropriateness of ruling and subject, permissibility of using a term in various senses, and connected and disconnected evidences of the hadith.

Keywords

References

  1. Quran Karim (The Noble Quran).
  2. ʿAlawī, Moḥammad bin ʿAlī, Al-Manāqib (The Virtues), Al-Kitab al-A’tiq (The Ancient Book), Edited by Ḥossein Mūsawī Burūjerdī, Qom: Dalīl Mā, 1428 AH (2007 CE).
  3. Ālusī, Seyyed Maḥmūd, Rūḥ al-Maʿānī fī Tafsīr al-Qurān al-ʿAẓīm (The Spirit of Meanings in the Exegesis of the Great Qurān), Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1415 AH (1994 CE).
  4. Āqā Bozorg Ṭahrānī, Moḥammad Muḥsin, Al-Dharīʿah ilā Taṣānīf al-Shīʿah (The Means to the Shiʿah's Writings), Beirut: Dār al-ʿAwāʾ, 1403 AH (1983 CE).
  5. ʿAskarī, Ḥassan bin ʿAbd Allāh, Al-Furūq fī al-Lughah (Differences in Language), Beirut: Dār al-Āfāq al-Jadīdah, 1400 AH (1980 CE).
  6. Bahāʾī ʿĀmilī, Ḥossein bin ʿAbd al-Ṣamad, Wuṣūl al-Akhyār ilā Uṣūl al-Akhbār (The Arrival of the Best to the Principles of Reports), Qom: Majmaʿ al-Dhakāʾir al-Islāmiyyah, 1401 AH (1981 CE).
  7. Balādhurī, Aḥmad bin Yaḥyā, Ansāb al-Ashrāf (The Genealogies of the Nobles), Edited by Moḥammad Bāqir Maḥmūdī, Beirut: Dār al-Taʿāruf, 1379 AH (1959 CE).
  8. Barqī, Aḥmad bin Moḥammad, Al-Maḥāsin (The Virtues), Edited by Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥaddith, Qom: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1371 AH (1951 CE).
  9. Burūjirdī, Seyyed Ḥossein, Al-Ḥāshiyah ʿalā Kifāyat al-Uṣūl (The Commentary on the Sufficiency of Principles), Qom: Anṣāriān, 1412 AH (1991 CE).
  10. Dhahabī, Shams al-Dīn Moḥammad, Al-Kāshif fī Maʿrifah Man Lahu Riwayah fī al-Kutub al-Sittah (The Revealer of Knowledge of Those Who Have Narration in the Six Books), Jeddah: Dār al-Qiblah, 1413 AH (1993 CE).
  11. Dhahabī, Shams al-Dīn Moḥammad, Tadhīb al-Tadhīb (The Refinement of Refinement), Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1404 AH (1984 CE).
  12. Dīlamī, Ḥassan bin Moḥammad, Irshād al-Qulūb ilā al-Ṣawāb (Guidance of Hearts to the Right), Qom: Sharīf Riḍā, 1409 AH (1988 CE).
  13. Fāḍil Lankaranī, Moḥammad, Tafṣīl al-Sharīʿah: Kitāb al-Ṣalāh (Detail of the Shariʿah: The Book of Prayer), Qom: Markaz Fiqh Aʾimah Aṭāḥār, 1429 AH (2008 CE).
  14. Fakhr al-Dīn Rāzī, Fakhr al-Dīn Moḥammad, Mafātīḥ al-Ghayb (The Keys to the Unseen), Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1420 AH (1999 CE).
  15. Farāhīdī, Khalīl bin Aḥmad, Al-ʿAyn, Qom: Hijrat, 1409 AH (1989 CE).
  16. Fayḍ Kāshānī, Mullā Ḥassan, Tafsīr al-Ṣāfī (The Clear Exegesis), Tehran: al-Ṣadr, 1415 AH (1995 CE).
  17. Group of Scholars, Al-Uṣūl al-Sittah ʿAshar (The Sixteen Principles), Qom: Dār al-Shabistarī, 1363 AH (1984 CE).
  18. Ḥāʾirī Yazdī, ʿAbd al-Karīm, Durar al-Fawāʾid (The Pearls of Benefits), Qom: Muʾassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1418 AH (1997 CE).
  19. Ḥalabī, Abū al-Ṣalāḥ, Al-Kāfī fī al-Fiqh (The Sufficient Source in Jurisprudence), Isfahan: Maktabat al-Imām ʿĀmir al-Muʾminīn (ʿA), 1403 AH (1983 CE).
  20. Ḥosseinī Shāhrūdī, Mahmūd, Natāʾij al-Afkār fī al-Uṣūl (The Results of Thoughts in Principles), Qom: Āl Murtadā (ʿA), 1385 SH (2006 CE).
  21. Ḥumayrī, ʿAbd Allāh bin Jaʿfar, Qurb al-Iṣnād (The Proximity of the Chain), Edited and Published by Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt (ʿA), 1413 AH (1993 CE).
  22. Ḥurr ʿĀmilī, Moḥammad bin Ḥassan, Wasāʾil al-Shīʿah (The Means of the Shīʿah), Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt (ʿA), 1409 AH (1988 CE).
  23. Ibn Abī al-Ḥadīd, ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd bin Hibbatu Allāh, Sharḥ Nahj al-Balāghah (Commentary on the Peak of Eloquence), Edited by Moḥammad Abū al-Faḍl Ibrāhīm, Egypt: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Kutub al-ʿArabiyyah, 1378 AH (1958 CE).
  24. Ibn Abī Jumhūr, Moḥammad, ʿAwālī al-Lāʾalī (The Precious Selections), Edited by Mujtabā ʿIrāqī, Qom: Dār Seyyed al-Shuhadāʾ, 1405 AH (1985 CE).
  25. Ibn Ashʿath, Moḥammad bin Moḥammad, Al-Jaʿfarīyāt (The Jaʿfarī Traditions), Tehran: Maktabat al-Naynawā al-Ḥadīthah, n.d.
  26. Ibn Fāris, Aḥmad, Muʿjam Maqāyīs al-Lughah (Dictionary of Language Measurements), Qom: Maktabat al-Iʿlām al-Islāmī, 1404 AH (1984 CE).
  27. Ibn Ḥanbal, Aḥmad, Musnad Ibn Ḥanbal (The Musnad of Ibn Ḥanbal), Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 1416 AH (1995 CE).
  28. Ibn Hīlāl Thaqafī, Ibrāhīm, Al-Ghārāt (The Lootings), Edited by ʿAbd al-Zahrāʾ Ḥosseini, Qom: Dār al-Kitāb al-Islāmī, 1410 AH (1990 CE).
  29. Ibn Manẓūr, Moḥammad bin Makram, Lisān al-ʿArab (The Tongue of the Arabs), Edited by Jamāl al-Dīn Mīrdāmādī, Beirut: Dār al-Fikr – Dār Ṣādir, 1414 AH (1993 CE).
  30. Ibn Saʿd, Moḥammad, Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā (The Major Classes), Edited by Moḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭṭā, Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1410 AH (1990 CE).
  31. Ibn Shahrāshūb, Moḥammad bin ʿAlī, Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib (The Virtues of the Family of Abū Ṭālib), Qom: ʿĀllamah, 1379 AH (1959 CE).
  32. Ibn Shūbah Ḥarānī, Ḥassan bin ʿAlī, Tuḥaf al-ʿUqūl (The Gifts of the Minds), Qom: Jāmiʿat Mudarrīsīn, 1404 AH (1984 CE).
  33. Imām ʿAskarī, Tafsīr al-Mansūb ilā al-Imām al-ʿAskarī (Exegesis Attributed to Imām al-ʿAskarī), Edited and Printed by Qom: Madrasat Imām Mahdī (ʿAj), 1409 AH (1988 CE).
  34. Jihāmī, Jirār, Mawsūʿat Muṣṭalaḥāt Ibn Sīnā (Encyclopedia of Avicenna’s Terminology), Beirut: Maktabat Lubnān, 1425 AH (2004 CE).
  35. Kāshshī, Moḥammad bin ʿUmar, Rijāl al-Kāshshī (The The Biographical Evaluation of al- Kashshī), Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt, 1363 SH (1984 CE).
  36. Khaṭīb Baghdādī, Aḥmad bin ʿAlī, Tārīkh Baghdād (History of Baghdad), Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1417 AH (1996 CE).
  37. Kulaynī, Moḥammad bin Yaʿqūb, Al-Kāfī (The Sufficient Narration Source for Shia), Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī, Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1407 AH (1987 CE).
  38. Maghribī, Nuʿmān bin Moḥammad, Dawāʾim al-Islām (The Pillars of Islam), Edited by Āṣif Fayẓī, Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt (ʿA), 1385 AH (2005 CE).
  39. Majlisī, Moḥammad Bāqir, Biḥār al-Anwār al-Jāmiʿah li-ʿUlūm al-Aʾimah al-ʿAṭāḥār (Seas of Lights: The Comprehensive for the Sciences of the Pure Imāms), Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH (1983 CE).
  40. Majlisī, Moḥammad Bāqir, Mirʾāt al-ʿUqūl (The Mirror of Minds), Edited by Seyyed Hāshim Rasūlī Maḥallātī, Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1404 AH (1984 CE).
  41. Majlisī, Moḥammad Taqī, Rawdat al-Muttaqīn (The Garden of the Pious), Qom: Muʾassasah Kūshānbūr, 1406 AH (1986 CE).
  42. Māmaqānī, ʿAbd Allāh, Tanqīḥ al-Maqāl (Refinement of the Discourse), N.p.: Bi-nā, Bi-tā (N.p., n.p., n.d.).
  43. Mīrdāmād, Moḥammad Bāqir, Qabasāt (Firebrands/ mbers of Fiery Kindling), Tehran: University of Tehran, 1374 SH (1995 CE).
  44. Mizzī, Jamāl al-Dīn Abū al-Ḥajjāj Yūsuf, Tahdhīb al-Kamāl fī Asmāʿ al-Rijāl (The Refinement of Completeness in the Names of The Biographical Evaluation), Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 1406 AH (1986 CE).
  45. Mufīd, Moḥammad bin Moḥammad bin Nuʿmān, Al-Amālī (The Dictations), Edited by Ḥossein Ustādh Walī, ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī, Qom: Kunjah Shaykh al-Mufīd Congress, 1413 AH (1993 CE).
  46. Mufīd, Moḥammad bin Nuʿmān, Al-Muqniʿah (The Sufficient), Qom: Global Congress of the Millennium of Shaykh al-Mufīd, 1413 AH (1993 CE).
  47. Mulkī Isfahānī, Mujtabā, Farhang Iṣṭilāḥāt Uṣūl (Dictionary of Terms in Principles), Qom: ʿĀlamah, 1379 SH (2000 CE).
  48. Mullā Ṣadrā, Moḥammad Ṣadr al-Dīn, Sharḥ Uṣūl al-Kāfī (Explanation of the Principles of al-Kāfī), Tehran: Muʾassasat Mutālaʿāt wa Taḥqīqāt Farhangī, 1383 SH (2004 CE).
  49. Mūsawī Khomeinī, Seyyed Rūḥ Allāh, Tahdhīb al-Uṣūl (Refinement of Principles), Tehran: Muʾassasat Tansīq wa Nashr Āthār Imām Khomeinī (ra), 1423 AH (2002 CE).
  50. Muṣṭafawī, Ḥassan, Al-Taḥqīq fī Kalimāt al-Qurān al-Karīm (The Verification of the Words of the Noble Qurān), Tehran: Bunyād Tarjamah wa Nashr Kitāb, 1360 SH (1981 CE).
  51. Najafī, Moḥammad Ḥassan, Jawāhir al-Kalām fī Thawbihi al-Jadīd (Jewels of Speech in Its New Garb), Qom: Muʾassasat Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif Fiqh Islāmī, 1421 AH (2001 CE).
  52. Nowawī Jāwī, Ḥamīd bin ʿUmar, Marāḥ Labīd li-Kashf Maʿnā al-Qurān al-Majīd (Steps to Reveal the Meaning of the Glorious Qurān), Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1417 AH (1996 CE).
  53. Qummī, ʿAbbās, Safīnat al-Bihār (The Ark of the Seas), Qom: Uswah, 1414 AH (1994 CE).
  54. Qummī, ʿAlī bin Ibrāhīm, Tafsīr al-Qummī (The Exegesis of al-Qummī), Edited by Ṭayyib Mūsawī Jazāʾirī, Qom: Dār al-Kitāb, 1404 AH (1984 CE).
  55. Rāghib Isfahānī, Ḥossein bin Moḥammad, Mufradāt Alfāẓ al-Qurān (Vocabulary of the Qurān), Edited by Ṣafwān ʿAdnān Dāwūdī, Beirut and Damascus: Dār al-Qalam – al-Dār al-Shāmiyyah, 1412 AH (1992 CE).
  56. Rāzī, Abū Moḥammad ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, Al-Jarḥ wa al-Taʿdīl (Criticism and Evaluation), Hyderabad: Maṭbaʿat Majlis Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif al-ʿUthmāniyyah, Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1371 AH (1951 CE).
  57. Ṣadūq, Abū Jaʿfar Moḥammad bin Bābawayh, Al-Amālī (The Dictations), Tehran: Kitābchī, 1376 SH (1997 CE).
  58. Ṣadūq, Abū Jaʿfar Moḥammad bin Bābawayh, Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī, Qom: Jāmiʿat Mudarrisīn, 1362 SH (1983 CE).
  59. Ṣadūq, Abū Jaʿfar Moḥammad bin Bābawayh, ʿIlal al-Sharāʾiʿ (The Causes of Religious Laws), Qom: Kitābfurūshī Dāwarī, 1385 SH (2006 CE).
  60. Ṣadūq, Abū Jaʿfar Moḥammad bin Bābawayh, Man Lā Yaḥḍuruhu al-Faqīh (He Who Is Not Present with the Jurist), Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī, Qom: Daftar Intishārāt Islāmī, 1413 AH (1992 CE).
  61. Ṣadūq, Abū Jaʿfar Moḥammad bin Bābawayh, Thawāb al-Aʿmāl wa ʿIqāb al-Aʿmāl (The Reward and Punishment of Actions), Qom: Dār al-Sharīf al-Riḍā, 1406 AH (1985 CE).
  62. Ṣadūq, Abū Jaʿfar Moḥammad bin Bābawayh, ʿUyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā (ʿA) (The Sources of Reports of Imām al-Riḍā), Edited by Mahdī Lājwardī, Tehran: Jihān, 1378 AH (1998 CE).
  63. Ṣaffār, Moḥammad bin al-Ḥassan, Baṣāʾir ad-Darajāt (The Levels of Insight), Edited by Muḥsin Kūchebāghī, Qom: Āyat Allāh al-Marʿashī al-Najafī Library, 1404 AH (1984 CE).
  64. Ṣāḥib bin ʿIbād, Ismāʿīl, Al-Muḥīṭ fī al-Lughah (The Comprehensive Dictionary of Language), Edited by Moḥammad Ḥassan Āl Yāsīn, Beirut: ʿĀlam al-Kitāb, 1414 AH (1994 CE).
  65. Salār Daylamī, Ḥamzah bin ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, Al-Maʿāṣim al-ʿAlawiyyah (The ʿAlawī Rites), Qom: Nashr al-Ḥaramayn, 1404 AH (1984 CE).
  66. Shahīd Awal, Moḥammad bin Makī, Al-Nafalīyah (The Appendices), Qom: Daftar Tablīghāt Islāmī, 1408 AH (1987 CE).
  67. Sharīf Murtadā, ʿAlī bin Ḥossein, Al-Intiṣār (The Triumph), Qom: Daftar Intishārāt Islāmī, 1415 AH (1994 CE).
  68. Sharīf Riḍā, Moḥammad bin Ḥossein, Nahj al-Balāghah (The Peak of Eloquence), Edited by Ṣubḥī Ṣāliḥ, Qom: Muʾassasat Dār al-Hijrah, 1407 AH (1987 CE).
  69. Shuʿayrī, Moḥammad bin Moḥammad, Jāmiʿ al-Akhbār (The Comprehensive Reports), Najaf: Maṭbaʿat Ḥaidariyyah, n.d.
  70. Subḥānī, Jaʿfar, Risāʾil wa Maqālāt (Essays and Articles), Qom: Muʾassasat al-Imām al-Ṣādiq (ʿA), 1425 AH (2004 CE).
  71. Ṭabarī, Moḥammad bin Jarīr, Jāmiʿ al-Bayān (The Comprehensive Commentary), Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifah, 1412 AH (1992 CE).
  72. Ṭabarī, Moḥammad bin Jarīr, Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī (The History of Ṭabarī), Edited by Moḥammad Abū al-Faḍl Ibrāhīm, Beirut: Dār al-Turāth, 1387 AH (1967 CE).
  73. Ṭabarsī, Aḥmad bin ʿAlī, Al-Iḥtijāj ʿalā Ahl al-Lajāj (The Protest Against the People of Objection), Mashhad: Murtadā Press, 1403 AH (1983 CE).
  74. Ṭabarsī, Faḍl bin Ḥassan, Majmaʿ al-Bayān fī Tafsīr al-Qurān (The Comprehensive Commentary on the Qurān), Tehran: Nāṣir Khosrow, 1372 SH (1993 CE).
  75. Ṭabarsī, Ḥassan bin Faḍl, Makārim al-Akhlaq (The Noble Traits), Qom: al-Sharīf al-Riḍā, 1412 AH (1991 CE).
  76. Tirmidhī, Moḥammad bin ʿĪsā, Sunan al-Tirmidhī (The Traditions Collection of Tirmidhī), Edited by ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Moḥammad ʿUthmān, Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1403 AH (1983 CE).
  77. Ṭurayḥī, Fakhr al-Dīn, Majmaʿ al-Bahrayn (The Confluence of Two Seas), Edited by Aḥmad Ḥosseini Ashkūrī, Tehran: Mutazawī, 1375 SH (1996 CE).
  78. Ṭūsī, Moḥammad bin Ḥassan, Al-Amālī (The Dictations), Edited by Muʾassasat al-Beʿthah, Qom: Dār al-Thaqāfah, 1414 AH (1993 CE).
  79. Ṭūsī, Moḥammad bin Ḥassan, Al-Mabsūṭ fī Fiqh al-Imāmiyyah (The Extended in Imāmī Jurisprudence), Tehran: al-Maktabah al-Muṣṭaḍāwīyah, 1387 AH (1967 CE).
  80. Ṭūsī, Moḥammad bin Ḥassan, Rijāl al-Ṭūsī (The The Biographical Evaluation of Ṭūsī), Edited by Jawād Qiyūmī Isfahānī, Qom: Muʾassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1373 SH (1994 CE).
  81. Ṭūsī, Moḥammad bin Ḥassan, Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām (The Refinement of Rules), Edited by Ḥassan al-Mūsawī al-Khūrasānī, Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1407 AH (1987 CE).
  82. Tūyserkānī, Moḥammad Nabī bin Aḥmad, Lāʾālīʾ al-Akhbār (The Pearls of Reports), Qom: ʿĀlamah, 1413 AH (1992 CE).
11- Pajooheshname Hadith Tatbighee
Volume 11, Issue 20 - Serial Number 20
September 2024
Pages 319-352

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 18 December 1401
  • Revise Date: 22 October 1401
  • Accept Date: 17 February 1403

Share

How to cite

Statistics