An Analysis of Contemporary Iranian Quranic Scholars’ Views on the Hadiths on the Exterior and Interior Dimensions of the Quran (A Case Study of Shariat Sanglaji)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D student , Department of Quran and Hadith Sciences, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini(RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor , Department of Quran and Hadith Sciences, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini(RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran. *(Corresponding Author) mm.taghdisi@gmail.com

3 Assistant Professor , Department of Quran and Hadith Sciences, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini(RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

The concept of the exterior and interior of the Quran is fundamental to Quranic sciences and is essential for interpreting the Holy Quran. While numerous narrations have affirmed the concept of the exterior and interior of the Quran, and many scholars agree with it, Sanglaji, as a prominent figure among Quranic scholars and interpreters, considers the hadiths that attribute an exterior and interior to the Quran as fabricated and believes that there is no authentic hadith on this subject. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method and relying on library sources, aims to answer the question: What is the analysis of Sanglaji’s views and the reasons behind them regarding these hadiths and their authenticity? The result of this study, after examining the intellectual foundations and analyzing Sanglaji’s perspective, is the rejection of his views. This is because, in addition to critiquing the foundations, Sanglaji adopts a hasty and biased approach in rejecting the narrators and the authenticity of the hadiths of the exterior and interior of the Quran. Examples of incorrect attribution include exaggerating the reliability of narrators, incorrect attribution to them as Sunni or Waqifi, and incorrect attribution due to the suspension of the chain of transmission.

Keywords

References

  1. Quran-e Karim (The Holy Quran).
  2. A’mid Zanjani, Abbas Ali, Mabani va Ravesh-haye Tafsir-e Quran (Foundations and Methods of Quranic Interpretation), Tehran: Publication of the Islamic Culture and Guidance, 4th Edition, 1379 SH (2000 CE).
  3. Ardabili, Mohammad bin Ali, Jami al-Ruwat wa Izahah al-Ishtibahat an al-Turuq wa al-Asnad (The Collection of Narrators and the Correction of Mistakes in Routes and Chains), Beirut: Dar al-Adwa, 1403 AH (1983 CE).
  4. Asadi, Mohammad et al., Asibshenasi-ye Jarianha-ye Tafsiri (Pathology of Interpretive Movements), Qom: Research Institute of the Seminary and University, 3rd Edition, 1396 SH (2017 CE).
  5. Babaei, Ali Akbar, Batin-e Quran-e Karim (The Esoteric Dimension of the Holy Quran), Ma’arifat, No. 26, pp. 7-16, 1377 SH (1998 CE).
  6. Babaei, Ali Akbar, Makatib Tafsiri (Commentary Schools), Tehran: SAMT, 1381 SH (2002 CE).
  7. Baghawi, Abu Mohammad, Sharh al-Sunnah (Explanation of the Sunnah), Edited by Shoaib al-Arnaut and Mohammad Zahir al-Shawish, Beirut: Al-Maktab al-Islami, 2nd Edition, 1403 AH (1983 CE).
  8. Bahbahani, Mohammad Baqir bin Mohammad Akmal, Al-Fawa’id al-Rijaliyyah, Isfahan: Digital Library of Qaemiyeh, n.d.
  9. Bahramani, Hashem bin Suleiman, Al-Burhan fi Tafsir al-Quran (The Evidence in the Interpretation of the Quran), Tehran: Bonyad-e Be’theh, 1416 AH (1995 CE).
  10. Bahroloom, Mohammad Mehdi bin Murtada, Rijal al-Seyyed Bahroloom al-Ma’ruf bi al-Fawa’id al-Rijaliyyah (The Science on Narrators’ Evaluation of Seyyed Bahraloom Known as al-Fawa’id al-Rijaliyyah), Hossein Bahroloom and Mohammad Sadiq Bahroloom, Tehran: Maktabah al-Sadiq (AS), 1363 SH (1984 CE).
  11. Barqi, Ahmad bin Mohammad, Al-Tabaqat (Rijal al-Barqi) (The Categories in the Science on Narrators of Barqi), Tehran: Tehran University Press, 1383 AH (1964 CE).
  12. Bukhari, Mohammad bin Ismail, Sahih Bukhari, Cairo: Higher Council for Islamic Affairs, Committee for the Revival of the Sunni Books, 2nd Edition, 1410 AH (1989 CE).
  13. Dhahabi, Mohammad Hossein, Al-Tafsir wa al-Mufassirun (The Interpretation and the Interpreters), Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, n.d.
  14. Fareed Tanakaboni, Abdulwahhab, Islam va Rej’at (Islam and Return), Digital Version, N.p., Aqideh Library, 1394 SH (2015 CE).
  15. Fayd Kashani, Mulla Hassan, Tafsir-e Safi (Purifier Interpretation), Tehran: Entesharat al-Sadr, 2nd Edition, 1415 AH (1995 CE).
  16. Hakim Neyshapuri, Mohammad bin Abdullah, Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihain, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1411 AH (1990 CE).
  17. Hilli, Hassan bin Yusuf, Tartib Khulasat al-Aqwal fi Ma’rifah al-Rijal (Arrangement of Summarized Statements in the Science on Narrators), Astan Quds Razavi, Mashhad: Islamic Research Foundation, 1381 SH (2002 CE).
  18. Hojjat, Hadi, Jawami Hadithi Shia (The Comprehensive Works of Shia Hadiths), Tehran: SAMT, 9th Edition, 1397 SH (2018 CE).
  19. Hurr Amili, Mohammad bin Hassan, Tafsir Wasail al-Shi’a Ila Tahsil Masail al-Shari’a (The Means of the Shia to Attain the Sharia), Mohammad Reza Hosseini Jalali, Qom: Institute of Al al-Bayt (AS) for the Revival of Heritage, 3rd Edition, Part 30, Conclusion, Third Benefit, 1416 AH (1995 CE).
  20. Hurr Amili, Mohammad bin Hassan, Wasail al-Shi’a (The Means of the Shia), Institute of Al al-Bayt (AS), Qom: 1409 AH (1988 CE).
  21. Ibn Babawayh, Mohammad bin Ali, Ma’ani al-Akhbar (Meanings of the Narrations), Ali Akbar Ghaffari, Qom: Islamic Publications Office affiliated with the Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom, 1403 AH (1982 CE).
  22. Ibn Babawayh, Mohammad bin Ali, Ma’ani al-Akhbar (Meanings of the Narrations), Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih (One Who Doesn’t Have Any Access to a Jurist), Ali Akbar Ghaffari, Qom: Islamic Publications Office affiliated with the Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom, 2nd Edition, 1413 AH (1992 CE).
  23. Ibn Taymiyyah, Ahmad bin Abdul Halim, Al-Iklil fi al-Mutashabih wa al-Ta’wil (The Crown on the Ambiguous and Interpretation), Alexandria: Dar al-Iman, n.d.
  24. Javadi Amoli, Abdullah, Tasnim, Tafsir Quran-e Karim (Tasnim; Interpretation of the Holy Quran), Qom: Esra Publications, 1381 SH (2002 CE).
  25. Kalantari, Ibrahim, “Zahr va Batn-e Quran-e Karim” (The Exterior and Interior Dimension of the Holy Quran), Qabasat, No. 29, pp. 249-266, 1382 SH (2003 CE).
  26. Kalbasi, Abolhadi, Sama’ al-Maqal fi Ilm al-Rijal (The Sky of Words in the Science on Narrators’ Evaluation), Qom: Vali Asr (AS) Institute, 1419 AH (1999 CE).
  27. Karimi, Mustafa, Jame’iyat-e Quran (The Comprehensiveness of the Quran), Tehran: Islamic Culture and Thought Research Center, 1390 SH (2011 CE).
  28. Kashshi, Mohammad bin Umar, Iktiyar Ma’rifah al-Rijal (Choosing the Science of Narrators’ Evaluation), Mohammad bin al-Hassan Tusi, Hassan Mustafavi, Mashhad: Mashhad University Press, 1409 AH (1989 CE).
  29. Khoei, Abu al-Qasim, Mu’jam Rijal al-Hadith wa Tafsil Tabaqat al-Ruwat (Dictionary of Hadith Narrators and Detailed Classification of Narrators),p., n.p., 5th Edition, 1413 AH (1992 CE).
  30. Kulayni, Mohammad bin Ya’qub, Al-Kafi, Dar al-Hadith, Qom: 1429 AH (2008 CE).
  31. Ma’rifat, Mohammad Hadi, Tafsir va Mofassiran (Tafsir and Interpreters), Qom: Al-Tamhid Cultural Institute, 1379 SH (2000 CE).
  32. Ma'arif, Majid; Mozaffari, Radhieh, "Barresi va Naqd-e Mabaniye Qurani-e Ahmad Sobhi Mansour dar Enhesare Monabeiyyat Qur'an ba Takid bar Ketab al-Quran va Kafa Masdar-e Tashri'e-ye Eslami (Studying & criticizing the Koran‘s basis by Ahmed Subhy Mansour To be confined by supplier of Koran by emphasis on “Al Koran and efficient source for Islam religious”The Investigation and Criticism of Quranic Foundations of Ahmad Sobhi Mansour Regarding Quran as the Exclusive Source with the Emphasis on the Book: Al-Quran va Kafa Masdara li Al-Tashri' Al-Islami)", Thaqalain Research Journal, Volume 1, Number 1, pp. 1-30, 1393 SH (2014 CE).
  33. Majlisi, Mohammad Baqir, Bihar al-Anwar (The Seas of Lights), Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut: 2nd Edition, 1403 AH (1983 CE).
  34. Majlisi, Mohammad Baqir, Mira’at al-Uqul fi Sharh Akhbar Ale al-Rasool (Mirror of Minds in the Explanation of the Narrations of the Family of the Prophet), Seyyed Hashem Rassouli Mahallati, Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 2nd Edition, 1404 AH (1983 CE).
  35. Majlisi, Mohammad Taqi, Rawdat al-Muttaqin (The Garden of the Pious), Qom: Mousavi-e Kushanpur, 1406 AH (1985 CE).
  36. Makarem-Shirazi, Naser, Tafsir-e Nemouneh (Exemplary Interpretation), Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 1374 SH (1995 CE).
  37. Mamqani, Abdullah, Tanqih al-Maqal fi Ilm al-Rijal (Evaluvating the Discussion on the Narrators),p., n.p., n.d.
  38. Mirbaqeri, Seyyed Mohsen, “Estenbāt az Zaher va Batin-e Quran” (Inference from the Esoteric and Exoteric Aspects of the Quran), Islamic Research Journal, Vol. 14, No. 1 and 2, pp. 65-86, 1381 SH (2002 CE).
  39. Mohammadi-Fam, Hossein, Quran Basandegi (Quranic Sufficiency Approach: Analysis and Critique of the Theories of Shari’at Sanglaji, Baqae’i, and Hosseini Tabatabai), Qom: Entesharat Dar al-Elam Lel-Madrese Ahl al-Bayt (AS), 1397 SH (2018 CE).
  40. Muslim bin Hajjaj, Sahih Muslim, Mohammad Fuwad Abdul-Baqi, Cairo: Dar al-Hadith, 1412 AH (1991 CE).
  41. Najjashi, Ahmad bin Ali, Rijal al-Najjashi (Najjashi’s Science of Narrators’s Evaluation), Musa Shubairi Zanjani, Qom: Institute of Islamic Publishing, 6th Edition, 1365 SH (1986 CE).
  42. Nasa’i, Ahmad bin Ali, Al-Sunan al-Kubra, Abdulghaffar Sulayman Bandari, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Publications of Mohammad Ali Beydoun, 1411 AH (1990 CE).
  43. Nayini Manouchehri, Mohammad Reza; Hakim, Mohammad, “Vākāvi-e Vethāqat va Mazhab-e Esmail bin Abi Ziyād Sekooni” (Investigation and Evaluation of the Authenticity and Doctrine of Ismail bin Abi Ziyad Sekooni), Ketāb-e Qīm, No. 16, pp. 177-201, 1396 SH (2017 CE).
  44. Nuri, Hossein bin Mohammad Taqi, Mustadrak al-Wasail wa Mustanbah al-Masa’il, Beirut: Institute of the Ale al-Bayt (AS) for the Revival of Heritage, 1429 AH (2008 CE).
  45. Qomi, Ali bin Ibrahim, Tafsir al-Qomi, Tayyeb Musavi Jazayeri, Qom: Dar al-Kitab, 3rd Edition, 1404 AH (1984 CE).
  46. Raghib Isfahani, Hossein bin Mohammad, Mufradat Alfaz al-Quran (The Vocabulary of Quranic Words), Beirut: Dar al-Qalam, 1412 AH (1991 CE).
  47. Sadr al-Muta’allihin, Mohammad bin Ibrahim, Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim, Mohammad Khwaju’i, Qom: Entesharat Bidar, 2nd Edition, 1366 SH (1987 CE).
  48. Shahid Thani, Zayn al-Din bin Ali, Al-Ra’ayah li Hal al-Bidayah fi Ilm al-Dirayah (Attention to the Condition of the Beginning in the Science of Inquiring Hadith), Qom: Center for Publications affiliated with the Office of Islamic Information, 1423 AH (2002 CE).
  49. Shari’at Sanglaji, Reza Qoli, Kilid-e Fahm-e Quran (The Key to Understanding the Quran), Danesh Publications, N.p., Library of Aqideh, 5th Edition, n.d.
  50. Sharif Radhi, Mohammad bin Hossein, Nahj al-Balaghah, Sabhi Saleh, Qom: Hijrat, 1414 AH (1993 CE).
  51. Shushtari, Mohammad Taqi, Qamus al-Rijal (Dictionary of the Science on Narrators’ Evaluation), Qom: Islamic Publications Office, 2nd Edition, 1410 AH (1990 CE).
  52. Suyuti, Jalal al-Din, Al-Durr al-Manthur fi al-Tafsir al-Ma’thur (The Scattered Pearls in the Exegesis of the Revealed Book), Library of Ayatollah Marashi Najafi, Qom: 1404 AH (1983 CE).
  53. Suyuti, Jalal al-Din, Al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Quran (The Perfection in the Sciences of the Quran), Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, 2nd Edition, 1421 AH (2000 CE).
  54. Tabari, Abu Ja’far Mohammad bin Jarir, Jami’ al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran (The Comprehensive Collection in the Interpretation of the Quran), Beirut: Dar al-Ma’arifah, 1412 AH (1992 CE).
  55. Tabarsi, Fadl bin Hassan, Majma’ al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran (The Collection of Statements in the Interpretation of the Quran), Mohammad Jawad Balaghi, Tehran: Naser Khosrow, 3rd Edition, 1372 SH (1993 CE).
  56. Tabatabai Far, Mohsen, Jarian-e Fekri dar Howzeh Mo’aser Qom (Intellectual Movements in Contemporary Qom Seminary), Tehran: Ney, 1394 SH (2015 CE).
  57. Tabatabai, Haidar, Pazhuhishi Tatbiqi dar Butoon-e Quran (Comparative Research on Esoteric of the Quran), Qom: Research on Interpretation and Quranic Sciences, 1387 SH (2008 CE).
  58. Tabatabai, Seyyed Ali, Riyadh al-Masa’il (Gardens of Issues), Qom: Islamic Publishing Institute, 1418 AH (1997 CE).
  59. Tabatabai, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Quran (The Balance in the Interpretation of the Quran), Qom: Islamic Publications Office of the Society of Seminary Teachers, 5th Edition, 1417 AH (1996 CE).
  60. Tabatabai, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein, Quran dar Islam (Quran in Islam), Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 2nd Edition, 1372 SH (1993 CE).
  61. Tasdiqi Shahrezaei, Ali and Mouddab, Seyyed Reza, “Naqd-e Didgah-e Rawish-e Tafsir-e Quran be Quran, Quranian-e Shia” (Critique of the Approach of Quranic Interpretation to the Quran, Shia Quranians), Religious Research, No. 29, pp. 1-16, 1393 SH (2014 CE).
  62. Tirmidhi, Mohammad bin Isa, Sunan Tirmidhi, Ahmad Mohammad Shakir, Cairo: Dar al-Hadith, 1419 AH (1998 CE).
  63. Tusi, Mohammad bin Hassan, Al-Amali (The Dictations), Qom: Dar al-Thaqafah, 1414 AH (1993 CE).
  64. Tusi, Mohammad bin Hassan, Al-Istibsar (The Refinement), Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 1390 AH (1970 CE).
  65. Tusi, Mohammad bin Hassan, Al-Tafsir al-Tafsir fi Tafsir al-Quran (Exposition in the Interpretation of the Quran), Ahmad Qasir Amili, Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, n.d.
  66. Tusi, Mohammad bin Hassan, Al-Uddah fi Usul al-Fiqh (The Ordinances in the Principles of Jurisprudence), Qom: Setareh Press, 1417 AH (1996 CE).
  67. Tusi, Mohammad bin Hassan, Fihrist Kutub al-Shi’a wa Usuluhim wa Asma’ al-Musannifin wa As’hab al-Usul (Catalog of the Books of the Shi’a and Their Principles and the Names of the Authors and the Scholars of the Principles), Qom: al-Muhaqqiq al-Tabatabai Library, 1420 AH (1999 CE).
  68. Tusi, Mohammad bin Hassan, Rijal (Biographical Narrators Evaluation), Javad Qayyumi Isfahani, Qom: Islamic Publishing Institute, 3rd Edition, 1373 SH (1994 CE).
  69. Zamakhshari, Mahmud bin Umar, Al-Kasshhaf an Haqa’iq Ghawamid al-Tanzil (The Discovery of the Truths of the Ambiguities of Revelation), Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, 3rd Edition, 1407 AH (1987 CE).
11- Pajooheshname Hadith Tatbighee
Volume 10, Issue 19
March 2024
Pages 277-304

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 28 August 2023
  • Revise Date: 21 November 2023
  • Accept Date: 22 January 2024

Share

How to cite

Statistics