The Social Functions of Religion in the Declaration of the Second Step from the Perspective of Nahj al-Balaghah

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor Farhangian University

2 بلوار امام حسین شهرک امام رضا کوی امیر مجتمع امام علی علیه السلام بلوک آ طبقه سوم واحد جنوبی

Abstract

In recent decades, especially after the victory of the Islamic Revolution and the collapse of the communist system and the refutation of the theory of “religion is opium” and the successful experience of the presence of religion in various fields and the emphasis of the great architect of the Islamic Revolution, Imam Khomeini and Supreme Leader on the comprehensiveness of Islam and the inseparable link between religion and politics, the issue of the function of religion has been raised more seriously in the second step of the Islamic Revolution. This study aims to reveal the effectiveness of religion in the present era and the results of the presence of religion in social spheres, intra-religious method and using written library resources, and deals with analyzing the social functions of religion in the second step of the Islamic Revolution from the perspective of Nahj al-Balaghah and the declaration with the second step of the Islamic Revolution. These functions are clearly stated in the verses of revelation, sermons, letters and the pearls of wisdom of Nahj al-Balaghah. In determining the general policies of the system in the second step of the Islamic Revolution, the Supreme Leader, relying on the Quran and Sunnah, especially Nahj al-Balaghah, has addressed the social functions of religion and invited the youth in particular to achieve it. The results show that the formation of Islamic government, justice and fight against corruption, increasing morality and spirituality, independence and freedom, increasing insight in the face of the enemy and unity and preventing differences and divisions, are the most important functions of religion in society. The most obvious achievement of the study of the social functions of religion is the proof of the comprehensiveness and maximum function of religion in the administration of society, which the study of the conduct of Imam Ali (A.S) and the declaration of the second step of the Islamic Revolution, shows this fact well.

Keywords


  1. The Holy Quran, Translated by: Naser Makarem Shirazi, Office of Studies of Islamic History and Knowledge, Tehran, 2001.
  2. Nahj al-Balagha, Translated by: Mohammad Dashti, Mashhour, Qom, 13th Print, 2001.
  3. Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Abdolhamid Hebatollah, The Interpretation of Nahj al-Balagha, Maktaba Ayatollah al-Ozma al-Marashi al-Najafi, Qom, n.d.
  4. Ibn Fares bin Zakaria, Abolhussein Ahmad, Dar al-Fekr, n.p. 2020.
  5. Ibn Manzour, Mohammad bin Mokaram bin Ali, Lesan al-Arab, Dar al-Sader, Beirut, Third Print, 1993.
  6. Ibn Meisam Bahrani, Meisam bin Ali, The Interpretation of Nahj al-Balagha (Ibn Meisam), Al-Ketab Publication, Tehran, 1984.
  7. Behdarvand, Mohammad Mahdi, The Explanation and Analysis of the Concept of Religion, The Porch of Thought, no.30, Khordad 2004, pp.77-101.
  8. Habibi, Reza; Davoudi, Mohammad; Nozari, Mohammad, The Analysis of Absolutist Religion from the View of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, New Religion Thought, no.42, Fall 2015, pp.7-18.
  9. Heli, Kashf al-Morad fi Sharh Tajrid al-Eteghad, Institute of Islamic Publication, Qom, 2011.
  10. Khamenei, Seyed Ali, 2018, https://farsi.khamenei.ir/message-content?id=41673 (accessed 2021.11.06).
  11. Khosropanah, Abdolhussein, New Islamic Theology, Cultural Institute of New Islamic Wisdom, Qom, 2013.
  12. Ragheb Isfahani, Hussein bin Mohammad, Al-Mofradat fi Gharib al-Quran, Al-Ketab Publication, n.p. Second Print, 1984.
  13. Rabani Gholpayegani, Ali, Arguments and Texts of Imamat, Raed, Qom, 2020.
  14. Rabani Gholpayegani, Ali, Imamat from the View of Islamic Vision, Boustan Ketab, Qom, 2007.
  15. Razavi, Seyed Hanan, Islamic Unity and Cohesion from the Perspective of Quran and Nahj al-Balagha, The Thought of Approximation, no.29, Winter 2011, pp.71-84.
  16. Sobhaninia, Mohammad, The Function of Religion in Human Life, Boustan Ketab, Qom, Fourth Print, 2008.
  17. Sharifi, Enayatollah, The Functions of Religion in Ethics, Ghabasat, no.56, Summer 2010, pp.51-78.
  18. Sheikh Tousi, Mohammad bin Hassan, Al-Tebyan fi Tafsir al-Quran, Dar Ehya al-Toras al-Arabi, Beirut, n.d.
  19. Sadr, Seyed Mohammad Bagher, Al-Islam Yaghoud al-Hayat, Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, Tehran, 1983.
  20. Tabatabaei, Seyed Mohammad Hussein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Quran, Esmaeilian Publication, n.p., n.d.
  21. Tabarsi, Fazl bin Hassan, The Interpretation of Majma al-Bayan, Institute of al-Alami Lelmatbouat, Beirut, 1994.
  22. Ebadi, Ahmad, A Methodological Study on Achieving a Functionalist Method in Religion Research and Religion Learning, The Philosophy of Religion, vol.12, no.2, Summer 2015, pp.317-340.
  23. Abasi, Ali; Ebadinik, Ali Akbar, The Rules of Functionalism in Approaching to Religion, Research Journal of Islamic Wisdom and Philosophy, no.43, Spring 2013, pp.129-146.
  24. Abdosalam, Mohammad Haroun, Mejam Maghais al-Loghat, Dar al-Fekr, Qom, 1979.
  25. Fasihi, Amanollah; Pouriani, Mohammad Hussein, A Comparison between the Methodology of Functional Explanation of Sociologists and Religious Experts in the Realm of Religion Research, The Quality of Research in the Humanities, no.2, Fall and Winter 2009, pp.101-132.
  26. Fasihi, Amanollah, The Critique of the Functionalist Explanation of Religion, Islamic Sciences and Culture Academy, Qom, 2012.
  27. Ghadrdan Gharamaleki, Mohammad Hassan, The Usage of Religion in Human and Society, Ghabasat, no.28, 2003, pp.161-188.
  28. Ghanbari, Ali, The Functions of Religion in Manifestations of Globalization, Research Journal, no.81, Summer 2011, pp.23-46.
  29. Majd al-Din Abutaher Mohammad bin Yaghoub al-Firouzabadi, Al-Ghamous al-Mohit, Institute of al-Resala Lelteba'a va al-Nashr va al-Tozi, Beirut, Eighth Print, 2005.
  30. Majlesi, Mohammad Bagher, Behar al-Anvar al-Jamea Ledorar Akhbar al-Aema al-Athar, Al-Vafa Institute, Beirut, 1983.
  31. Mohammadi Reyshahri, Mohammad, Mizan al-Hekma, Dar al-Hadith, Qom, 2005.
  32. Mariji, Shams al-Din, A Comparative Study on the Religion and Its Social Functions from the View of Durkheim and Alameh Tabatabaei, Cultural-Social Knowledge, no.19, Summer 2014, pp.113-138.
  33. Mashayekhipour, Mohammad Ali, An Investigation into the Importance and Position of Unity from the View of Imam Ali, Approximate Studies of Islamic Denominations, no.45, Fall 2016, pp.67-77.
  34. Mesbah Yazdi, Mohammad Taghi, The Knowledge of Quran, Publication of Imam Khomeini Education and Research Institute, Qom, Second Print, 2009.
  35. Mosadeghian, Hussein Ali, The Contexts of Social Ethics from the Perspective of Nahj al-Balagha, Ethics, no.12, 2008, pp.6-21.
  36. Motaharikhah, Zabihollah, Individual and Social Functions of Religion from the View of Ibn Sina, Philosophy of Religion, vol.12, no.4, 2015, pp.795-830.
  37. Makarem Shirazi, Naser, Imam Ali's Message, Dar al-Kotob al-Islamiah, Tehran, 1996.
  38. Moniri, Hamid Reza; Sepehri, Yadollah, Islamic Revolution and Restoration of the Functions of Religion in Global Realm, Islamic Revolution Studies, no.17, Summer 2016, pp.157-181.
  39. Hashemi Khouei, Habibollah bin Mohammad, Menhaj al-Baraoh, Maktaba al-Islamiah, Tehran, 1980.
  40. Hemat Banari, Ali; Amini, Mohammad, Emotional Methods of Corrective Training from the View of Hadiths, Research Journal of Sciences of Comparative Hadith, no.13, Fall and Winter 2020, pp.24-50.
  41. Yousefian, Hassan, New Theology, Publication of Imam Khomeini Education and Research Institute, Qom, 2010.